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MS ''Zenobia'' was a Swedish built ''Challenger''-class RO-RO ferry launched in 1979 that capsized and sank close to Larnaca, Cyprus, in June 1980 on her maiden voyage.〔〔 She now rests on her port side in approximately of water and was named as one of ''The Times'' top ten wreck diving sites in the world in 2003. ==History== The ''Zenobia'' was built at the Kockums Varv AB shipyard in Sweden and was delivered to her owners Rederi AB Nordö in late 1979.〔 She left Malmö, Sweden on her maiden voyage, bound for Tartous, Syria on 4 May 1980, loaded with 104 tractor-trailers with cargo destined for Mediterranean and the Middle East.〔 She passed through the Strait of Gibraltar on 22 May 1980, stopping first at Heraklion, Crete and then to Piraeus, Athens, Greece.〔 On the way to Athens the captain noticed steering problems and the ''Zenobia'' began listing to port.〔 Following checks, it was determined the list was caused by excess water that had been pumped into the ballast tanks, this was pumped out and she then departed for her second to last stop at Larnaca, Cyprus before reaching Syria.〔 She arrived at Larnaca on 2 June 1980,〔 where the ballast problem had reoccurred, engineers discovered that the computerized pumping system was pumping excess water into the side ballast tanks due to a software error, making the list progressively worse.〔 On 4 June, the ''Zenobia'' was towed out of Larnaca harbor to prevent her becoming an obstruction should the worst happen 〔 and was left at anchor roughly 1-1.5 miles (1.5 – 2 km) offshore.〔 On 5 June, with the ship listing at around 45° the captain dismissed the engineers and maintenance crew and requests from the captain to return her to Larnaca harbor were denied.〔 At around 2:30am 7 June 1980, the ''Zenobia'' capsized and sank in Larnaca Bay to a depth of roughly ,〔 taking her estimated £200 million worth of cargo with her.〔 According to local legend, the ''Zenobia''s owners never collected the insurance money and no formal investigation has ever been published.〔 Since sinking she has become a popular dive site for visitors to Cyprus and was named one of the world's top ten dive sites by ''The Times'' in March 2003.〔 There were no casualties in the disaster.〔http://www.simplyscuba.com/ShipwreckShow.aspx?ShipwreckID=21〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MS Zenobia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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